WORKING WITH MICROSOFT WINDOWS ENVIROMENT

Working with Microsoft Windows Environment

The Windows environment is the onscreen work area provided by Windows, analogous to a physical desktop, and the operating system's core extension points.

Desktop
 

The desktop is the user's work area for their programs. It's not a way to promote awareness of your program or its brand. Don't abuse it!
The desktop is the onscreen work area provided by Microsoft Windows, analogous to a physical desktop. It consists of a work area and taskbar. The work area may span multiple monitors.

VIRTUALIZATION OF OPERATING SYSTEM

What is Virtualization?

Virtualization allows multiple operating system instances to run concurrently on a single computer;
it is a means of separating hardware from a single operating system. Each “guest” OS is managed by a Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), also known as a hypervisor. Because the virtualization system sits between the guest and the hardware, it can control the guests’ use of CPU, memory, and storage, even allowing a guest OS to migrate from one machine to another.

DOS OPERATION

DOS Operation

Before knowing the operations of DOS, we must know what DOS is. DOS stands for disk operatingsystem. The term DOS can refer to any operating system, but it is most often used as a shorthand for MS-DOS (Microsoft disk operating system). Originally developed by Microsoft for IBM, MS-DOS was the standard operating system for IBM-compatible personal computers.

DOS uses a command line, or text-based interface, that allows the user to type commands. By typing simple instructions such as pwd (print working directory) and cd (change directory), the user can browse the files on the hard drive, open files, and run programs.

COMPILER, INTERPRETER,LINKER AND LOADER

Regardless of what language you use, you eventually need to convert your program into a language that the computer can understand
Two ways for doing that: compile the program or interpret the program

Compiler 

A compiler is a computer program that translates a program in a source language into an equivalent program in a target language. 

OR

A program that translate a source (human-writable) program to an executable (machine-readable) program.

OPERATING SYSTEM ,TYPES,FUNCTIONS AND UTILITY SOFTWARE

Operating System Concept

What is an operating system?
A number of definitions of operating system abound. A basic definition could be that it’s a program that lets you run other programs.The other programs are called applications or application programs. The application programs make use of the operating system by making requests for services through a defined application program interface (API). In addition, users can interact directly with the operating system through a user interface such as a command line or a graphical user interface (GUI).

TYPES OF COMPUTER AND THEIR APPLICATIONS AND IMPACTS

Types of Computer

Since the advent of the first computer different types and sizes of computers are offering different services. Computers can be as big as occupying a large building and as small as a laptop or a micro controller in mobile & embedded systems. Computer are classified in two categories which areBased on Technology and Based on Performance and Capacity.

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER AND ITS HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

Computer Overview

What is Computer?

A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data. It has the ability to store, retrieve, and process data. You may already know that you can use a computer to type documents, send email, play games, and browse the Web. You can also use it to edit or create spreadsheets, presentations, and even videos.